Springer J. F., Sambrano S., Sale E., Kasim R. andHerman J. (2002)Taken from: Educational Resources Information Centre (ERIC).The National Cross-Site Evaluation of High-Risk Youth Programs. Preventing Substance Abuse: Major Findings from the National Cross-Site Evaluation of High-Risk Youth ProgramsThis multiple-site study assessed 48 prevention programs for high-risk youth funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, identifying program characteristics associated with strong substance abuse prevention outcomes. Data analysis indicated that substance abuse programs reduced rates of substance use, and the positive of program participation continued for at least 18 months after the program ended. Family, peers, school, community, and soceity protected against substance abuse. Connection to those five interwoven domains clearly played an important role in effective prevention efforts.